![]() His later computer generated patterns simulated the visual effects of paintings by artists such as Piet Mondrian and Bridget Riley. Michael Doll, an engineer, and professor at the University of Southern California, was the first person to program a digital computer solely for artistic purposes. Interestingly enough these early digital pioneers were not artists or designers but engineers and scientists, as they had access to more powerful computing resources at university scientific research labs. This served as a precursor to the work of the early digital pioneers who would follow in the 1960s. The late 1950s saw artists and designers begin to experiment with mechanical devices and analog computers. There are, however, cases in which the system takes on the role of creator entirely. In many cases, the artist, or human creator, can claim that the generative system represents their own artistic idea. The autonomous system can be a computer, but more broadly an autonomous system is non-human and can independently determine features of an artwork that would otherwise require decisions to be made directly by an artist. ![]() ![]() Generative art refers to art that in whole or part has been created with the use of an autonomous system. Generative art is at the same time more specific and more encompassing than computer art. Computer art is an art form in which computers play a role in the process or final product, such as display of artwork.
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